Persisting mental health problems among AIDS-orphaned children in South Africa
Identifieur interne : 001473 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001472; suivant : 001474Persisting mental health problems among AIDS-orphaned children in South Africa
Auteurs : Lucie D. Cluver [Royaume-Uni, Afrique du Sud] ; Mark Orkin [Afrique du Sud] ; Frances Gardner [Royaume-Uni] ; Mark E. Boyes [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines : (Print) [ 0021-9630 ] ; 2012.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- geographic : Afrique du Sud.
- topic : Enfant.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Background: By 2008, 12 million children in sub-Saharan Africa were orphaned by AIDS. Cross-sectional studies show psychological problems for AIDS-orphaned children, but until now no longitudinal study has explored enduring psychological effects of AIDS-orphanhood in the developing world. Methods: A 4-year longitudinal follow-up of AIDS-orphaned children with control groups of other-orphans and non-orphans. 1021 children (M = 13.4 years, 50% female, 98% isiXhosa-speaking) were interviewed in 2005 and followed up in 2009 with 71% retention (49% female, M= 16.9 years), in poor urban South African settlements. Children were interviewed using sociodemographic questionnaires and well-validated standardised scales for assessing depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Data were analysed using mixed-design ANOVA and backward-stepping regression. Results: AIDS-orphaned children showed higher depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores in both 2005 and 2009 when compared with other-orphans and non-orphans. Backward-stepping regression, controlling for baseline mental health, and sociodemographic cofactors such as age, gender, and type of bereavement, revealed that being AIDS-orphaned in 2005 was associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD scores in 2009. This was not the case for other-orphaned or non-orphaned children. Age interacted with orphan status, such that there was a steep rise in psychological distress in the AIDS-orphaned group, but no rise with age amongst other-orphans and non-orphans. Conclusions: Negative mental health outcomes amongst AIDS-orphaned children are maintained and worsen over a 4-year period. It is important that psychosocial support programmes are sustained, and focus on youth as well as young children.
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Royaume-Uni
- Angleterre, Gauteng, Oxfordshire
- Johannesbourg, Oxford
- Université d'Oxford, Université du Witwatersrand
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Cluver</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town</s1><s2>Cape Town</s2><s3>ZAF</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Orkin, Mark" sort="Orkin, Mark" uniqKey="Orkin M" first="Mark" last="Orkin">Mark Orkin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Public and Development Management, University of the Witwatersrand</s1><s2>Johannesburg</s2><s3>ZAF</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Afrique du Sud</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gardner, Frances" sort="Gardner, Frances" uniqKey="Gardner F" first="Frances" last="Gardner">Frances Gardner</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boyes, Mark E" sort="Boyes, Mark E" uniqKey="Boyes M" first="Mark E." last="Boyes">Mark E. Boyes</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Centre for Evidence-Based Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines : (Print)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. child psychol. psychiatry allied discipl. : (Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-9630</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines : (Print)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. child psychol. psychiatry allied discipl. : (Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-9630</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Anxiety</term><term>Child</term><term>Concomitant disease</term><term>Depression</term><term>Follow up study</term><term>Human immunodeficiency virus</term><term>Orphan child</term><term>Posttraumatic stress disorder</term><term>South Africa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>SIDA</term><term>Virus immunodéficience humaine</term><term>Enfant orphelin</term><term>Afrique du Sud</term><term>Association morbide</term><term>Etat dépressif</term><term>Angoisse anxiété</term><term>Etat de stress posttraumatique</term><term>Etude longitudinale</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Enfant</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Afrique du Sud</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Enfant</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background: By 2008, 12 million children in sub-Saharan Africa were orphaned by AIDS. Cross-sectional studies show psychological problems for AIDS-orphaned children, but until now no longitudinal study has explored enduring psychological effects of AIDS-orphanhood in the developing world. Methods: A 4-year longitudinal follow-up of AIDS-orphaned children with control groups of other-orphans and non-orphans. 1021 children (M = 13.4 years, 50% female, 98% isiXhosa-speaking) were interviewed in 2005 and followed up in 2009 with 71% retention (49% female, M= 16.9 years), in poor urban South African settlements. Children were interviewed using sociodemographic questionnaires and well-validated standardised scales for assessing depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Data were analysed using mixed-design ANOVA and backward-stepping regression. Results: AIDS-orphaned children showed higher depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores in both 2005 and 2009 when compared with other-orphans and non-orphans. Backward-stepping regression, controlling for baseline mental health, and sociodemographic cofactors such as age, gender, and type of bereavement, revealed that being AIDS-orphaned in 2005 was associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD scores in 2009. This was not the case for other-orphaned or non-orphaned children. Age interacted with orphan status, such that there was a steep rise in psychological distress in the AIDS-orphaned group, but no rise with age amongst other-orphans and non-orphans. Conclusions: Negative mental health outcomes amongst AIDS-orphaned children are maintained and worsen over a 4-year period. It is important that psychosocial support programmes are sustained, and focus on youth as well as young children.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Gauteng</li><li>Oxfordshire</li></region><settlement><li>Johannesbourg</li><li>Oxford</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Oxford</li><li>Université du Witwatersrand</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Cluver, Lucie D" sort="Cluver, Lucie D" uniqKey="Cluver L" first="Lucie D." last="Cluver">Lucie D. Cluver</name></region><name sortKey="Boyes, Mark E" sort="Boyes, Mark E" uniqKey="Boyes M" first="Mark E." last="Boyes">Mark E. Boyes</name><name sortKey="Gardner, Frances" sort="Gardner, Frances" uniqKey="Gardner F" first="Frances" last="Gardner">Frances Gardner</name></country><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Cluver, Lucie D" sort="Cluver, Lucie D" uniqKey="Cluver L" first="Lucie D." last="Cluver">Lucie D. Cluver</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Orkin, Mark" sort="Orkin, Mark" uniqKey="Orkin M" first="Mark" last="Orkin">Mark Orkin</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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